The available shear correction factors have mainly been developed for homogeneous isotropic plates and/or assuming that no shear tractions are imposed on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate. In the present research, a more general case of a circular functionally graded plate subjected to non-uniform normal and shear tractions at the top and bottom surfaces is considered. These non-uniform ...

the available shear correction factors have mainly been developed for homogeneous isotropic plates and/or assuming that no shear tractions are imposed on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate. in the present research, a more general case of a circular functionally graded plate subjected to non-uniform normal and shear tractions at the top and bottom surfaces is considered. these non-uniform ...

bending analysis of multilayer graphene sheets (mlgss) subjected to non-uniform shear and normal tractions is presented. the constitutive relations are considered to be non-classical based on nonlocal theory of elasticity. based on the differential transformation method, numerical illustrations are carried out for circular and annular geometries. the effects of nano scale parameter, radius of c...

Bending analysis of multilayer graphene sheets (MLGSs) subjected to non-uniform shear and normal tractions is presented. The constitutive relations are considered to be non-classical based on nonlocal theory of elasticity. Based on the differential transformation method, numerical illustrations are carried out for circular and annular geometries. The effects of nano scale parameter, radius of c...

An efŽ cient method has been developed for analyzing the three-dimensional electromechanical deformations of a monoclinic piezoelectric laminate subjected to surface tractions and electric displacements on the top and bottom surfaces. The procedure combines the transfer matrix method with the asymptotic expansion technique. The electromechanical coupled formulation is reduced to a hierarchy of ...

Traction Force Microscopy (TFM) is a widespread method used to recover cellular tractions from the deformation that they cause in their surrounding substrate. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is commonly used to quantify the substrate's deformations, due to its simplicity and efficiency. However, PIV relies on a block-matching scheme that easily underestimates the deformations. This is especial...

Strong, actomyosin-dependent, pinching tractions in steadily locomoting (gliding) fish keratocytes revealed by traction imaging present a paradox, since only forces perpendicular to the direction of locomotion are apparent, leaving the actual propulsive forces unresolved. When keratocytes become transiently "stuck" by their trailing edge and adopt a fibroblast-like morphology, the tractions opp...

Adherent cells exert tractions on their surroundings. These tractions can be measured by observing the displacements of beads embedded on a flexible gel substrate on which the cells are cultured. This paper presents an exact solution to the problem of computing the traction field from the observed displacement field. The solution rests on recasting the relationship between displacements and tra...

Modeling of elastic thin-walled beams, plates and shells as 1D and 2D boundary value problems is valid in undisturbed subdomains. Disturbances near supports and free edges, in the vicinity of concentrated loads and at thickness jumps cannot be described by 1D and 2D BVP’s. In these disturbed subdomains dimensional (d)-adaptivity and possibly model (m)-adaptivity have to be performed and coupled...